The Earth Alliance is governed from Geneva, Switzerland, on Earth. Media reports generally refer to the capitol complex as “EarthDome” and the EA government as “EarthGov”.
The Earth Alliance appears to be a representative democracy with interstellar elections held at unspecified intervals. EarthGov is known to have a Senate as well as a Presidency, but no other EarthGov offices have been identified in the series. The last known election was held in 2258; President Louise Santiago and Vice President William Morgan Clark were re-elected at this time. Clark became President after arranging the death of Santiago in late 2258, and Susanna Luchenko served as acting President following President Clark's suicide in 2261. Luchenko was still President in 2262; presumably the Earth Alliance held new elections soon after Clark's death and she won the office.
In 2243, the Earth Alliance sent an expedition toward Minbari space to seek contact with the Minbari Federation. They encountered the Grey Council's fleet as they entered Minbari territory, and the Warrior Caste captains of the Minbari ships switched off their stealth systems and opened their gunports as a display of good faith (showing exactly what they were so as not to deceive these strangers in their space). Powerful active scans from the Minbari ships also began to interfere with systems on the EarthForce vessels, including their jump engines. In the greatest first contact blunder in Earth history, the commander of the EarthForce expedition, Captain Jankowski of the Prometheus, panicked and opened fire on the Minbari fleet. The ensuing war lasted two years, during which the Minbari obliterated virtually the entire EarthForce military with negligible losses. When they were on the brink of wiping out Earth itself, however, the Minbari abruptly surrendered without explanation.
Following the war, EarthForce began to rebuild, and Earth remained a significant force in galactic politics.
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